Medida provisória na Constituição de 1988 e a necessidade de sua limitação

Abstract

As medidas provisórias passaram a integrar o processo legislativo brasileiro com o advento da Constituição de 1988. A previsão inicial das medidas provisórias no art. 62 da Constituição Federal foi se tornando insatisfatória por deficiências oriundas dos pressupostos de relevância e urgência, em razão dos mesmos terem sido aferidos como muito genéricos ou subjetivos, o que acarretou sua demasiada edição. Com o intuito de restringir o poder do chefe do Executivo, foi aprovada, a Emenda Constitucional n. 32/2002, regulamentada pela Resolução 01/2002 do Congresso Nacional. Há consenso geral sobre a afronta estabelecida ao processo legislativo em função da perda de competência do Congresso derivada da excessiva edição de medidas provisórias, sendo necessário limitar essa prejudicial atuação executiva que tem estabelecido o trancamento de pauta constante nas votações no Parlamento.

The provisional remedies had started to integrate the Brazilian legislative process with the advent of the Constitution of 1988. The innovation if showed essential to the substitution of the institute of the old Decree derived from Italy, instrument that symbolized the hypertrophy of previous authoritarian the Executive and that it marked regimes, as the Age Vargas (1930-1945) and the military dictatorship (1964-1985). The initial forecast of the provisional remedies in art. 62 of the Federal Constitution, however, were if becoming unsatisfactory for deriving deficiencies of estimated of relevance and the urgency, in reason of the same ones to have been surveyed as generic or very subjective, what it caused its exaggerated edition. With intention to restrict the power of the head of the Executive n. 32 was approved later the Constitutional Amendment/2002, regulated for Resolution 01 of 2002 of the Congress national, bringing new estimated formal and material to the provisional remedies in intention to impose more limits to the power of edition and new edition of the President of the Republic. However, the related amendment if showed ineffective to the change expectation or reduction of editions of the President of the Republic. The Executive kept its continued activity atypical, however foreseen in the Constitution, through the usurpation of the primordial function of the Legislative that thus was reduced so as mere to homologate the decisions with act of law of the Executive. It has general consensus on confronts established to the legislative process in function of the loss of ability of the Congress derived from the extreme edition of provisional remedies, having urgent necessity of if limiting this harmful executive performance that has established the barring of constant guideline in the votings in the Parliament.